Complex carbohydrate intolerance

Complex Carbohydrate Intolerance Complex carbohydrate intolerance is a rare metabolic disorder characterized by the body's inability to properly digest and absorb complex carbohydrates. This condition can lead to a variety of gastrointestinal symptoms and nutritional deficiencies.

Overview

Complex carbohydrates, also known as polysaccharides, are long chains of sugar molecules found in foods such as grains, legumes, and vegetables. They are an essential part of a balanced diet, providing energy and fiber. However, individuals with complex carbohydrate intolerance have difficulty breaking down these carbohydrates into simpler sugars for absorption.

Causes

The primary cause of complex carbohydrate intolerance is a deficiency or malfunction of specific digestive enzymes. These enzymes, such as amylase and maltase, are responsible for breaking down complex carbohydrates into simpler sugars like glucose. Without these enzymes, carbohydrates remain undigested in the intestines, leading to symptoms.

Symptoms

Common symptoms of complex carbohydrate intolerance include:

• Bloating
• Abdominal pain
• Diarrhea
• Gas
• Malnutrition

These symptoms occur because undigested carbohydrates ferment in the colon, producing gas and attracting water, which leads to diarrhea.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of complex carbohydrate intolerance typically involves:

• Dietary history: Reviewing the patient's diet to identify potential carbohydrate sources.
• Breath tests: Measuring hydrogen or methane in the breath after carbohydrate ingestion.
• Stool tests: Analyzing stool samples for undigested carbohydrates.
• Genetic testing: Identifying genetic mutations that may affect enzyme production.

Treatment

Treatment for complex carbohydrate intolerance focuses on dietary management and may include:

• Dietary modification: Reducing or eliminating complex carbohydrates from the diet.
• Enzyme supplements: Taking enzyme supplements to aid in carbohydrate digestion.
• Nutritional support: Ensuring adequate intake of essential nutrients through alternative sources.

Prognosis

With proper management, individuals with complex carbohydrate intolerance can lead healthy lives. Adhering to dietary recommendations and using enzyme supplements can significantly reduce symptoms and improve quality of life.

See Also

• Lactose intolerance
• Fructose malabsorption
• Celiac disease

External Links

• National Organization for Rare Disorders
• Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center

NIH genetic and rare disease info

• NIH info on Complex carbohydrate intolerance

Complex carbohydrate intolerance is a rare disease.