Conjunctivitis

Conjunctivitis is an eye disease characterized by inflammation and redness of the conjunctiva, the clear tissue that covers the white part of the eye and the inside of the eyelids. It is commonly referred to as "pink eye" due to the distinctive pink or red color that the eye takes on during an episode of conjunctivitis.

Causes

Conjunctivitis can be caused by a variety of factors, including bacteria, viruses, allergens, and irritants such as smoke or dust. Viral and bacterial conjunctivitis are highly contagious, and can be spread through direct contact with infected individuals or objects.

Symptoms

The primary symptoms of conjunctivitis are redness and inflammation of the eye, along with increased tear production, a feeling of grittiness or irritation in the eye, and sometimes a discharge that can form a crust during sleep. In cases of allergic conjunctivitis, itching and sensitivity to light may also be present.

Treatment

Treatment for conjunctivitis depends on the cause. Bacterial conjunctivitis is typically treated with antibiotic eye drops or ointments, while viral conjunctivitis usually resolves on its own within a few weeks. Allergic conjunctivitis can be managed with antihistamines and avoiding the allergen, if possible.

Prevention

Prevention strategies for conjunctivitis include regular hand washing, avoiding touching the eyes, and not sharing personal items such as towels or makeup. In addition, individuals with conjunctivitis should avoid close contact with others to prevent spreading the infection.

See also

• Blepharitis
• Keratitis
• Uveitis