Contraceptive Trials In Puerto Rico

Contraceptive Trials in Puerto Rico refers to a series of clinical trials conducted in Puerto Rico during the mid-20th century to test the safety and effectiveness of the birth control pill. These trials played a significant role in the development and approval of oral contraceptives, but have also been criticized for their ethical implications.

Background

In the 1950s, Margaret Sanger, a prominent birth control advocate, and Katharine McCormick, a wealthy philanthropist, funded the research of Gregory Pincus, a biologist who was working on developing an oral contraceptive. Pincus and his team chose Puerto Rico as the site for their trials due to its high birth rate, its status as a U.S. territory, and the existence of a network of birth control clinics on the island.

Trials

The trials began in 1955 in the town of Rio Piedras. The initial phase involved testing the pill on a small group of women, but the trials quickly expanded to include thousands of participants. The women were not fully informed about the nature of the experiment or the potential side effects of the pill, which led to controversy.

Results and Impact

The trials were successful in demonstrating the pill's effectiveness as a contraceptive. However, they also revealed a number of serious side effects, including blood clots, heart attacks, and strokes. Despite these risks, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the pill for contraceptive use in 1960.

The trials have been criticized for their lack of informed consent and for targeting a predominantly poor, uneducated population. However, they also played a crucial role in the development of a safe, effective method of birth control that has had a profound impact on women's reproductive rights and health.

See Also

• History of birth control
• Clinical trial
• Ethics in clinical research