Dehydroepiandrosterone

From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia

(Redirected from Dehydropiandrosterone)

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), also known as androstenolone, is an endogenous steroid hormone. It is one of the most abundant circulating steroids in humans, where it is produced in the adrenal glands, the gonads, and the brain. DHEA functions as a metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of the androgen and estrogen sex steroids both in the gonads and in various other tissues. However, DHEA itself possesses weak androgenic activity.

Production and Regulation[edit | edit source]

DHEA is produced from cholesterol through two cytochrome P450 enzymes. First, cholesterol is converted to pregnenolone by CYP11A1. Pregnenolone then serves as a precursor for DHEA, being converted by CYP17A1 enzyme. The production of DHEA in the body reaches its peak in the mid-20s, after which it steadily declines with age. This decline has led to the interest in DHEA supplementation as a way to counteract aging processes.

Functions[edit | edit source]

While DHEA has weak androgenic effects itself, it serves predominantly as a precursor to more potent androgens such as testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT), as well as to estrogens like estrone and estradiol. It is thus involved in the development and maintenance of secondary sexual characteristics, bone density, muscle mass, and other physiological functions.

DHEA also has been shown to have effects on the immune system, possibly contributing to its role in disease resistance. It may enhance cognitive function and provide protective effects against certain conditions such as osteoporosis, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, although more research is needed to fully understand these relationships.

Clinical Use[edit | edit source]

DHEA supplementation has been explored for various clinical applications, including the treatment of adrenal insufficiency, depression, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, its effectiveness for these conditions remains controversial, and its use is not universally endorsed in clinical practice.

Risks and Side Effects[edit | edit source]

The supplementation of DHEA can lead to several side effects due to its conversion to more potent androgens and estrogens. These can include oily skin, acne, hirsutism, and changes in menstrual cycle in women, and increased risk of prostate hypertrophy and cancer in men. Long-term effects and safety of DHEA supplementation are not well understood, and it is recommended to proceed with caution.

Regulation[edit | edit source]

In many countries, DHEA is available as a dietary supplement, but its sale and use are more strictly regulated in others due to potential health risks and performance-enhancing effects. The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) includes DHEA on its list of prohibited substances for athletes.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

DHEA plays a crucial role in human physiology as a precursor to sex steroids and has potential therapeutic applications. However, the benefits and risks of DHEA supplementation need to be carefully weighed, and more research is necessary to fully elucidate its effects.


WikiMD
Navigation: Wellness - Encyclopedia - Health topics - Disease Index‏‎ - Drugs - World Directory - Gray's Anatomy - Keto diet - Recipes

Search WikiMD

Ad.Tired of being Overweight? Try W8MD's physician weight loss program.
Semaglutide (Ozempic / Wegovy and Tirzepatide (Mounjaro / Zepbound) available.
Advertise on WikiMD

WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia

Let Food Be Thy Medicine
Medicine Thy Food - Hippocrates

Medical Disclaimer: WikiMD is not a substitute for professional medical advice. The information on WikiMD is provided as an information resource only, may be incorrect, outdated or misleading, and is not to be used or relied on for any diagnostic or treatment purposes. Please consult your health care provider before making any healthcare decisions or for guidance about a specific medical condition. WikiMD expressly disclaims responsibility, and shall have no liability, for any damages, loss, injury, or liability whatsoever suffered as a result of your reliance on the information contained in this site. By visiting this site you agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, which may from time to time be changed or supplemented by WikiMD. If you do not agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, you should not enter or use this site. See full disclaimer.
Credits:Most images are courtesy of Wikimedia commons, and templates Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY SA or similar.

Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD