Demographics of Puerto Rico

Puerto Rico
Territory
Flag Seal
Location of Puerto Rico
Sovereign state	United States
Area
• Total	3,515 sq mi (9,104 km2)
• Land	3,420 sq mi (8,870 km2)
• Water	90 sq mi (234 km2)
Population  (2020)
• Total	3,193,694
• Density	910/sq mi (350/km2)
Time zone	UTC-4 (AST)
• Summer (DST)	UTC-4 (ADT)
ISO 3166 code	PR

The demographics of Puerto Rico are characterized by a diverse population with a rich cultural heritage. As of the 2020 United States Census, Puerto Rico had a population of 3,193,694. The population has been experiencing a decline due to various factors, including migration to the United States mainland and a low birth rate.

Population

The population of Puerto Rico has been decreasing over the past decade. According to the 2020 Census, the population was 3,193,694, a significant drop from the 3,725,789 recorded in the 2010 United States Census. This decline is attributed to economic challenges, natural disasters such as Hurricane Maria, and migration to the mainland United States.

Ethnicity

Puerto Rico's population is primarily composed of people of mixed European, African, and Indigenous descent. According to the 2020 Census, the racial composition was:

• White: 67.4%
• Black or African American: 9.6%
• American Indian and Alaska Native: 0.4%
• Asian: 0.2%
• Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander: 0.1%
• Two or more races: 21.2%
• Other: 1.1%

Language

The official languages of Puerto Rico are Spanish and English. Spanish is the dominant language, spoken by the vast majority of the population. English is also widely understood and used in government and business.

Religion

The predominant religion in Puerto Rico is Christianity, with the majority of the population identifying as Roman Catholic. There is also a significant presence of Protestant denominations, as well as smaller communities of other faiths, including Judaism, Islam, and Hinduism.

Migration

Puerto Rico has a long history of migration, both to and from the island. Many Puerto Ricans have migrated to the mainland United States, particularly to states such as New York, Florida, and New Jersey. This migration has been driven by economic opportunities, educational prospects, and family reunification.

Economy

The economy of Puerto Rico has faced significant challenges, including a high unemployment rate, public debt, and the impact of natural disasters. These economic factors have influenced demographic trends, including migration and population decline.

Health

The health of Puerto Rico's population is influenced by various factors, including access to healthcare, economic conditions, and public health initiatives. The island has faced challenges such as the Zika virus outbreak and the impact of hurricanes on healthcare infrastructure.

Education

Education in Puerto Rico is overseen by the Puerto Rico Department of Education. The island has a high literacy rate, and education is compulsory between the ages of 5 and 18. There are numerous public and private schools, as well as higher education institutions, including the University of Puerto Rico.

See also

• Puerto Rico
• History of Puerto Rico
• Economy of Puerto Rico
• Culture of Puerto Rico
• Geography of Puerto Rico