Digital X-ray radiogrammetry

Digital X-ray Radiogrammetry (DXR) is a method used in the field of radiology to measure bone mineral density (BMD). This technique is primarily used to diagnose and monitor osteoporosis, a condition that weakens bones and makes them more prone to fracture. DXR uses standard X-ray images and applies a computerized analysis to calculate BMD.

History[edit | edit source]

The concept of radiogrammetry dates back to the early 20th century, when it was used to measure bone width and length. The digital version of this technique, DXR, was developed in the late 1990s with the advent of digital imaging technology.

Method[edit | edit source]

DXR involves the use of standard X-ray equipment to capture images of the hand. The images are then analyzed by a computer program, which calculates the BMD by measuring the thickness of the cortical bone in the metacarpal bones. The results are compared to a reference database to determine if the BMD is within the normal range.

Applications[edit | edit source]

DXR is primarily used to diagnose and monitor osteoporosis. It can also be used to assess the risk of fracture in patients with other conditions that affect bone density, such as rheumatoid arthritis and hyperparathyroidism.

Advantages and Limitations[edit | edit source]

One of the main advantages of DXR is that it uses standard X-ray equipment, making it a cost-effective method for measuring BMD. It also exposes patients to a lower dose of radiation compared to other methods, such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).

However, DXR has some limitations. It can only measure BMD in the hand, and it may not be as accurate as other methods in detecting small changes in bone density. Furthermore, it requires a high-quality X-ray image for accurate analysis.