Digitus primus

Digitus Primus

Latin	Digitus Primus
Nerve	Deep fibular nerve
System	Skeletal

Digitus primus refers to the first digit of the foot, commonly known as the big toe in humans. It plays a crucial role in maintaining balance and enabling efficient bipedal locomotion. The structure and function of the digitus primus are integral to various activities such as walking, running, and standing.

Structure

The digitus primus consists of two phalanges, the proximal and distal phalanges, unlike the other toes which typically have three. This toe is also associated with specific tendons, muscles, and ligaments that contribute to its movement and stability. The main muscles involved include the flexor hallucis longus muscle, which aids in flexing the toe, and the abductor hallucis muscle, which helps in its abduction.

Function

The primary function of the digitus primus is to provide leverage and support during the toe-off phase of the gait cycle. This toe bears a significant amount of the body's weight during locomotion. Its unique structure allows for a greater range of motion compared to the other toes, contributing to more dynamic balance and mobility.

Clinical significance

The digitus primus is often the site of various medical conditions such as hallux valgus, commonly known as a bunion, which involves a lateral deviation of the toe. Other conditions include gout, hallux rigidus, and injuries like fractures or sprains.

See also

• Toe
• Foot
• Hallux
• Podiatry