Dihydropicrotoxinin

Dihydropicrotoxinin.svg

Chemical compound

Dihydropicrotoxinin is a chemical compound that is a derivative of picrotoxin, a naturally occurring plant compound known for its neurotoxic properties. It is primarily found in the seeds of the Anamirta cocculus plant, which is native to South and Southeast Asia.

Chemical Structure and Properties

Dihydropicrotoxinin is a bicyclic compound with a molecular formula of C₆H₈O₄. It features a fused furan and pyran ring system, which is characteristic of the picrotoxin family of compounds. The compound has several stereocenters, making it chiral, and it exists as a specific stereoisomer.

Biological Activity

Dihydropicrotoxinin acts as a GABA_A receptor antagonist. By binding to the GABA_A receptor, it inhibits the action of GABA, the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. This inhibition can lead to convulsions and other neurotoxic effects, similar to those observed with picrotoxin.

Uses and Applications

While dihydropicrotoxinin itself is not commonly used in clinical settings, its parent compound, picrotoxin, has been used historically as a stimulant and antidote for barbiturate poisoning. Research into dihydropicrotoxinin and related compounds continues, particularly in the field of neuropharmacology, to better understand their mechanisms of action and potential therapeutic applications.

Safety and Toxicity

Due to its neurotoxic properties, dihydropicrotoxinin is considered hazardous. Exposure can lead to severe neurological symptoms, including seizures, muscle spasms, and respiratory failure. Proper handling and safety precautions are essential when working with this compound in a laboratory setting.

See Also

• Picrotoxin
• GABA_A receptor
• Neurotoxin
• Anamirta cocculus