Donanemab

Donanemab is a monoclonal antibody designed for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. It is developed by Eli Lilly and Company, an American pharmaceutical company. Donanemab targets a modified form of beta-amyloid, a protein that forms plaques in the brains of Alzheimer's patients.

Mechanism of Action

Donanemab works by binding to a specific form of beta-amyloid called N3pG-beta-amyloid. This form of the protein is present in high amounts in the plaques that are characteristic of Alzheimer's disease. By binding to N3pG-beta-amyloid, donanemab helps to clear these plaques from the brain.

Clinical Trials

In 2021, results from a Phase 2 trial of donanemab, known as the TRAILBLAZER-ALZ study, were published. The study found that donanemab significantly slowed the decline in cognition and daily function in patients with early symptomatic Alzheimer's disease. The trial involved 257 patients, and the results were based on a composite score that included measures of cognition and daily function.

Side Effects

The most common side effects of donanemab are Amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA), which can cause temporary symptoms such as headache, confusion, dizziness, and nausea. Other side effects can include allergic reactions, such as rash, itching, and swelling.

Future Development

Eli Lilly and Company is currently conducting a larger Phase 3 trial of donanemab. The trial, known as TRAILBLAZER-ALZ 2, is expected to enroll 1,500 patients and will further evaluate the safety and efficacy of the drug.