Dyskinetic

Dyskinetic refers to a type of abnormal movement that is involuntary and uncontrollable. It is often associated with certain neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease. Dyskinetic movements can affect any part of the body, including the limbs, face, and trunk. They can be slow or rapid, and may involve twisting, writhing, or jerking motions.

Types of Dyskinesia

There are several types of dyskinesia, including:

• Tardive Dyskinesia: This is a side effect of long-term use of antipsychotic medications. It causes repetitive, involuntary movements, such as grimacing, tongue protrusion, lip smacking, puckering and pursing, and rapid eye blinking.

• Paroxysmal Dyskinesia: This type of dyskinesia causes sudden, involuntary movements that can last from a few minutes to several hours. The movements can be triggered by sudden movements, stress, caffeine, alcohol, or fatigue.

• Dystonia: This is a type of dyskinesia that causes involuntary muscle contractions, which result in slow, repetitive movements or abnormal postures.

Causes of Dyskinesia

Dyskinesia is often caused by damage to the basal ganglia, a part of the brain that is involved in controlling movement. This damage can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

• Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease
• Stroke
• Brain injury
• Infections of the brain
• Certain medications, particularly those used to treat psychiatric disorders

Treatment of Dyskinesia

Treatment for dyskinesia typically involves managing the underlying condition that is causing the abnormal movements. This may involve medication, physical therapy, or in some cases, surgery. Medications used to treat dyskinesia can include:

• Dopamine agonists
• Anticholinergic drugs
• GABA agonists
• Benzodiazepines

In some cases, deep brain stimulation (DBS) may be used to treat severe dyskinesia that does not respond to medication.

See Also

• Movement Disorders
• Neurology
• Neurodegenerative Diseases

Dyskinetic Resources
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