Antipsychotic
Antipsychotics, also known as neuroleptics or major tranquilizers, are a class of medications primarily used to manage psychosis (including delusions, hallucinations, paranoia or disordered thought), particularly in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.[1]
Types[edit | edit source]
Antipsychotic medications are often grouped into two categories:
- First-Generation Antipsychotics (FGAs), also known as typical antipsychotics, are older medications, including drugs like haloperidol, chlorpromazine, and fluphenazine.[1]
- Second-Generation Antipsychotics (SGAs), also known as atypical antipsychotics, are newer medications, including drugs like risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, and aripiprazole.[1]
Mechanism of Action[edit | edit source]
Antipsychotics work by altering the effects of certain chemicals in the brain, including neurotransmitters like dopamine and serotonin, which are involved in mood and behavior.[1]
Indications[edit | edit source]
Antipsychotics are used in the management of several mental health disorders, such as:
- Schizophrenia
- Severe bipolar disorder
- Unipolar major depression
- Psychotic depression
- Certain personality disorders
- Tourette syndrome
In some cases, they can also be used to treat aggression and agitation in dementia.[1] Side Effects Like all medications, antipsychotics can cause side effects. Common side effects can include:
- Drowsiness
- Dizziness
- Restlessness
- Weight gain (especially with second-generation antipsychotics)
- Dry mouth
- Constipation
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Blurred vision[1]
In rare cases, long-term use of antipsychotics can lead to a condition known as tardive dyskinesia, a movement disorder characterized by involuntary movements.[1]
See Also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
Antipsychotic Resources | ||
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