Levosulpiride

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Levosulpiride.svg

Levosulpiride.svg

Levosulpiride is an atypical antipsychotic and prokinetic agent used primarily in the treatment of schizophrenia, depression, and irritable bowel syndrome. It is the levo-enantiomer of sulpiride, which means it is a mirror image of the sulpiride molecule that has been isolated for its specific pharmacological effects.

Pharmacology

Levosulpiride acts as a selective antagonist of the dopamine D2 receptors, which are implicated in the pathophysiology of several psychiatric and gastrointestinal disorders. By blocking these receptors, levosulpiride helps to alleviate symptoms of psychosis and improve gastrointestinal motility.

Medical Uses

Levosulpiride is used in the management of:

• Schizophrenia
• Depression
• Irritable bowel syndrome
• Dyspepsia
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease

Side Effects

Common side effects of levosulpiride include:

• Drowsiness
• Dizziness
• Weight gain
• Hyperprolactinemia
• Extrapyramidal symptoms

Mechanism of Action

Levosulpiride's primary mechanism of action is the antagonism of dopamine D2 receptors. This action is responsible for its antipsychotic and prokinetic effects. By inhibiting these receptors, levosulpiride can modulate neurotransmitter activity in the brain and enhance gastrointestinal motility.

Dosage and Administration

Levosulpiride is available in various forms, including oral tablets, intramuscular injections, and intravenous formulations. The dosage and administration depend on the condition being treated and the patient's response to the medication.

See Also

• Sulpiride
• Atypical antipsychotic
• Prokinetic agent
• Dopamine antagonist