Hyperprolactinemia

Hyperprolactinemia is a condition characterized by an elevated level of the hormone prolactin in the blood. Prolactin is produced by the pituitary gland and plays a crucial role in various bodily functions, most notably in reproduction.

Causes

Hyperprolactinemia can be caused by several factors, including pituitary adenomas, certain medications, hypothyroidism, and kidney disease. In some cases, the cause of hyperprolactinemia is unknown, a condition referred to as idiopathic hyperprolactinemia.

Symptoms

The symptoms of hyperprolactinemia can vary depending on the individual and the underlying cause. Common symptoms include galactorrhea, menstrual irregularities, infertility, and sexual dysfunction. In men, hyperprolactinemia can lead to decreased libido and erectile dysfunction.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of hyperprolactinemia is typically made through a blood test to measure the level of prolactin in the blood. Additional tests may be performed to determine the underlying cause, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pituitary gland.

Treatment

Treatment for hyperprolactinemia typically involves addressing the underlying cause. This may involve changing medications, treating underlying conditions, or in some cases, surgery to remove a pituitary adenoma. Medications such as dopamine agonists are often used to lower prolactin levels.

See also

• Prolactin
• Pituitary gland
• Pituitary adenoma
• Hypothyroidism
• Kidney disease
• Galactorrhea
• Menstrual irregularities
• Infertility
• Sexual dysfunction
• Erectile dysfunction
• Dopamine agonists

Hyperprolactinemia Resources
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