Nemonapride

Overview of the antipsychotic medication Nemonapride

Nemonapride
INN
Drug class
Routes of administration
Pregnancy category
Bioavailability
Metabolism
Elimination half-life
Excretion
Legal status
CAS Number
PubChem
DrugBank
ChemSpider
KEGG

Nemonapride is an atypical antipsychotic medication primarily used in the treatment of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. It is known for its unique pharmacological profile and is utilized in certain countries for its therapeutic effects.

Pharmacology

Nemonapride functions as a selective dopamine receptor antagonist, with a high affinity for the D2 and D3 subtypes. This action helps in modulating the dopaminergic activity in the brain, which is often dysregulated in psychotic disorders. Unlike typical antipsychotics, nemonapride has a lower incidence of extrapyramidal symptoms, making it a preferable option for some patients.

Clinical Use

Nemonapride is primarily indicated for the management of schizophrenia. It is effective in reducing both positive symptoms, such as hallucinations and delusions, and negative symptoms, such as anhedonia and social withdrawal. The medication is administered orally and is typically prescribed in a controlled dosage to minimize potential side effects.

Side Effects

Common side effects of nemonapride include sedation, weight gain, and gastrointestinal disturbances. Due to its dopaminergic activity, there is also a risk of developing tardive dyskinesia with long-term use. Patients are advised to undergo regular monitoring to manage and mitigate these risks.

Mechanism of Action

Chemical structure of Nemonapride

Nemonapride's mechanism of action involves the blockade of dopamine receptors, particularly the D2 and D3 subtypes. This blockade reduces the overactivity of dopamine pathways that are implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Additionally, nemonapride may have some affinity for serotonin receptors, contributing to its atypical profile.

History and Development

Nemonapride was developed in Japan and has been used in clinical practice since the late 20th century. Its development was part of a broader effort to create antipsychotic medications with fewer side effects compared to earlier drugs like haloperidol.

Related pages

• Antipsychotic
• Schizophrenia
• Dopamine receptor
• Tardive dyskinesia