Enalapril/hydrochlorothiazide

Enalapril/hydrochlorothiazide is a pharmaceutical drug combination used in the treatment of hypertension (high blood pressure) and congestive heart failure. It combines two active ingredients: enalapril, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, and hydrochlorothiazide, a diuretic.

Pharmacology

Enalapril is an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) that works by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. This results in vasodilation, a decrease in fluid volume, and a reduction in blood pressure.

Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that helps the kidneys to remove fluid from the body. This reduces blood volume, which helps to lower blood pressure.

Indications

Enalapril/hydrochlorothiazide is indicated for the treatment of hypertension that is not adequately controlled by monotherapy with either agent alone. It may also be used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.

Side Effects

Common side effects of enalapril/hydrochlorothiazide include dizziness, headache, and cough. Less common side effects include rash, nausea, and fatigue. Serious side effects may include angioedema, hyperkalemia, and renal impairment.

Contraindications

Enalapril/hydrochlorothiazide is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to either enalapril or hydrochlorothiazide, or to any other sulfonamide-derived drug. It is also contraindicated in patients with a history of angioedema related to previous treatment with an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor.

Interactions

Enalapril/hydrochlorothiazide may interact with other medications, including potassium supplements, lithium, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

See Also

• Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor
• Diuretic
• Hypertension
• Congestive heart failure