Equinovalgus

Equinovalgus is a medical condition that affects the alignment of the foot and ankle. It is characterized by a combination of equinus and valgus, resulting in the foot being pointed downwards (plantarflexed) and turned outwards (everted). This condition can be congenital, meaning present at birth, or acquired due to various causes such as neurological disorders, trauma, or muscular dystrophy.

Causes

Equinovalgus can be caused by a variety of factors. Congenital equinovalgus may be due to abnormal development of the fetus in the womb. Acquired equinovalgus can be caused by conditions that affect the nerves and muscles of the foot and ankle, such as cerebral palsy, spina bifida, or muscular dystrophy. Trauma or injury to the foot and ankle can also lead to equinovalgus.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of equinovalgus is an abnormal foot position, with the foot pointed downwards and turned outwards. This can lead to difficulty walking and balance problems. Other symptoms may include foot pain, ankle sprains, and development of calluses or ulcers on the outer edge of the foot.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of equinovalgus typically involves a physical examination of the foot and ankle. The doctor may also order imaging tests such as X-rays or MRI to assess the severity of the deformity and to rule out other conditions.

Treatment

Treatment for equinovalgus depends on the severity of the condition and the underlying cause. Non-surgical treatments may include physical therapy, orthotic devices, and bracing. In severe cases, surgery may be required to correct the deformity.

See also

• Equinovarus
• Foot deformity
• Clubfoot