Eriogonum longifolium

Longleaf Buckwheat imported from iNaturalist photo 86622101 on 12 March 2024

Eriogonum longifolium, commonly known as the Longleaf Buckwheat or Wild Buckwheat, is a species of flowering plant in the Polygonaceae family, which is native to the central and southern regions of the United States. This perennial herb is notable for its long, narrow leaves and clusters of small, white to pink flowers, which bloom from late spring to early fall, attracting a variety of pollinators including bees and butterflies.

Description

Eriogonum longifolium is characterized by its erect, branching form, reaching heights of up to 60 cm. The leaves are predominantly located at the base of the plant, lanceolate to oblanceolate in shape, and can be up to 20 cm in length. The inflorescences are borne on tall, slender stems and consist of umbels of tiny flowers, which vary in color from white to pink. The plant's distinctive long leaves and the shape of its flower clusters help in its identification.

Habitat and Distribution

This species is adapted to a range of habitats, from prairies and grasslands to rocky outcrops and open woodlands. It is found across a broad swath of the central to southern United States, with populations in states such as Texas, Oklahoma, and Missouri. Eriogonum longifolium thrives in well-drained soils and is often found in areas with calcareous (chalky or limestone-rich) soil.

Ecology

The longleaf buckwheat plays a significant role in its ecosystem, serving as a nectar source for various pollinators. Its flowers attract bees, butterflies, and other insects, contributing to the pollination of surrounding plants. Additionally, the species is adapted to survive in harsh environments with poor soil, making it an important component of its native habitats in maintaining soil health and preventing erosion.

Conservation

While Eriogonum longifolium is not currently listed as endangered, its habitat is threatened by agricultural expansion, urbanization, and overgrazing. Conservation efforts are focused on habitat preservation and the promotion of native plant gardening to support biodiversity.

Cultivation

Eriogonum longifolium is valued in native plant gardens and xeriscapes for its drought tolerance, long blooming period, and attractiveness to pollinators. It prefers full sun and well-drained soil, requiring little maintenance once established. This species is also used in restoration projects to rehabilitate degraded lands and promote biodiversity.

Gallery

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See Also

• Polygonaceae
• Native Plant Gardening
• Xeriscaping
• Pollinator Decline
• Soil Conservation