Ethynylestrenol

Ethynylestrenol, also known by its developmental code name Orgasteron and sold under various brand names including Maxibolin and Orabolin, is a synthetic, orally active anabolic steroid and a derivative of nandrolone (19-nortestosterone). It is an androgen and anabolic steroid medication which is used mainly in the treatment of anemia and cachexia, as well as being used as a medication to increase bone mass, stimulate the growth of bone marrow, and induce appetite in animals.

Medical Uses

Ethynylestrenol is primarily used in the medical field for its ability to stimulate the growth of red blood cells. This property makes it beneficial in treating conditions like anemia, where there is a deficiency of red blood cells. Additionally, it has been used to combat cachexia, a syndrome associated with severe illness that causes weakness and wasting of the body. It has also found use in increasing bone mass and stimulating bone marrow growth, making it useful in certain bone-related conditions.

Pharmacology

Mechanism of Action

Ethynylestrenol functions by interacting with the androgen receptor (AR), similar to other anabolic steroids. However, it has a much lower androgenic effect compared to its anabolic effect. This means it promotes muscle growth with fewer androgenic side effects, such as deepening of the voice and increased body hair.

Pharmacokinetics

The pharmacokinetics of ethynylestrenol, including its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, are not well-documented in the literature. However, as an oral steroid, it is presumed to undergo significant first-pass metabolism in the liver, which can affect its bioavailability and overall effectiveness.

Adverse Effects

Like all anabolic steroids, ethynylestrenol can cause side effects, which may vary among individuals. Common adverse effects include but are not limited to, changes in liver function tests, alterations in lipid profiles, and potential virilization in women. Long-term use can lead to liver damage, cardiovascular issues, and hormonal imbalances.

Legal Status

The legal status of ethynylestrenol varies by country. In some jurisdictions, it is a controlled substance, which means its use and distribution are restricted due to potential for abuse and health risks. Athletes should be aware that ethynylestrenol is prohibited by many sports organizations due to its performance-enhancing effects.

See Also

• Anabolic steroid
• Nandrolone
• Androgen receptor
• Anemia
• Cachexia