Normethadone

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Normethadone is a synthetic opioid analgesic and antitussive agent. It is chemically related to methadone and is used in the management of moderate to severe pain and as a cough suppressant.

Chemical Structure and Properties

Normethadone, also known by its chemical name desmethylmethadone, is a derivative of methadone. Its chemical formula is C20H25NO, and it has a molecular weight of 295.42 g/mol. The structure of normethadone includes a phenyl ring, a cyclohexane ring, and a tertiary amine group.

Pharmacology

Normethadone acts on the central nervous system (CNS) by binding to the mu-opioid receptors, which are responsible for its analgesic and antitussive effects. It has a similar mechanism of action to methadone but is less potent. The drug is metabolized in the liver and excreted primarily through the kidneys.

Medical Uses

Normethadone is used for:

• Management of moderate to severe pain
• Suppression of cough in certain medical conditions

Side Effects

Common side effects of normethadone include:

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Drowsiness
• Dizziness
• Constipation

Severe side effects may include:

• Respiratory depression
• Hypotension
• Bradycardia

Regulation and Legal Status

Normethadone is classified as a controlled substance in many countries due to its potential for abuse and dependence. It is regulated under various national and international drug control laws.

History

Normethadone was developed as an alternative to methadone, with the aim of providing effective pain relief and cough suppression with potentially fewer side effects. It has been used in clinical practice since the mid-20th century.

See Also

• Methadone
• Opioid
• Analgesic
• Antitussive