FGF22

FGF22 or Fibroblast Growth Factor 22 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGF22 gene. It is a member of the Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) family, which is involved in a variety of biological processes, including cell growth, morphogenesis, tissue repair, tumor growth, and invasion.

Function

FGF22 is a secreted protein that binds to FGFRs (Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors) and is involved in the regulation of specific biological responses, including cellular proliferation, differentiation, and migration. It is particularly important in the development and maintenance of the nervous system, where it plays a role in the survival and differentiation of specific types of neurons.

Structure

Like other members of the FGF family, FGF22 is a single-chain polypeptide that is approximately 22 kDa in size. It contains a core of 12 conserved cysteine residues, which form disulfide bonds that are critical for maintaining the protein's three-dimensional structure.

Clinical Significance

Alterations in the function of FGF22 have been implicated in a variety of diseases, including certain types of cancer and neurological disorders. For example, overexpression of FGF22 has been observed in some types of breast cancer, suggesting that it may play a role in tumor growth and progression. In addition, mutations in the FGF22 gene have been associated with certain neurological disorders, such as autism and schizophrenia.

Research

Research on FGF22 is ongoing, with scientists seeking to better understand its function and potential role in disease. This includes studies aimed at elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying FGF22 function, as well as efforts to develop therapeutic strategies targeting FGF22 for the treatment of diseases in which it is implicated.

See Also

• Fibroblast Growth Factor
• FGFRs
• Breast Cancer
• Autism
• Schizophrenia