Familial dysplastic nevi

Familial dysplastic nevi is a genetic disorder that is characterized by the presence of multiple dysplastic nevi or atypical moles. These moles have irregular features and are larger than common moles. They are often found in families, hence the term familial.

Causes

Familial dysplastic nevi is caused by a mutation in the CDKN2A gene. This gene provides instructions for making a protein that helps control cell growth and division. Mutations in this gene can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and the formation of dysplastic nevi.

Symptoms

The main symptom of familial dysplastic nevi is the presence of multiple atypical moles. These moles are often larger than 6 millimeters in diameter and have irregular borders. They may also vary in color, ranging from tan to dark brown.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of familial dysplastic nevi is often made through a physical examination and a review of the patient's medical and family history. In some cases, a biopsy may be performed to examine the mole under a microscope.

Treatment

Treatment for familial dysplastic nevi often involves regular monitoring of the moles for changes in size, shape, color, or texture. If a mole shows signs of becoming cancerous, it may be removed.

Prognosis

While familial dysplastic nevi itself is not life-threatening, individuals with this condition have an increased risk of developing melanoma, a serious type of skin cancer. Therefore, regular monitoring and early detection of changes in the moles are crucial.

See also

• Melanoma
• Dysplastic nevus syndrome
• Genetic disorders

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