Field epidemiology

Field Epidemiology is the application of epidemiologic methods to unexpected health problems when a rapid on-site investigation is necessary for timely intervention. Often associated with outbreaks, field epidemiology involves the epidemiologist being on location to solve whatever health problem is occurring at the time.

Definition

Field Epidemiology is defined as the practice of epidemiology in the field, where health problems occur. It is often described as "shoe-leather" epidemiology due to the epidemiologist's presence in the field, conducting active surveillance, testing hypotheses, and implementing control measures.

History

The concept of field epidemiology has been in existence since the 19th century, with the work of John Snow on the Broad Street cholera outbreak in 1854 often cited as one of the earliest examples. Snow's work in identifying the source of the outbreak and implementing control measures is a classic example of field epidemiology.

Principles

Field epidemiology is guided by a number of principles. These include the need for rapid response, the use of epidemiologic methods, the importance of public health surveillance, and the application of interventions based on the findings of the investigation.

Applications

Field epidemiology is used in a variety of settings, including public health, infectious disease control, chronic disease management, and environmental health. It is also used in disaster management and emergency response, where rapid assessment and response are critical.

Training

Training in field epidemiology is often provided through Field Epidemiology Training Programs (FETPs), which are typically run by national or regional health departments or organizations. These programs provide hands-on training in the principles and practice of epidemiology in the field.

See also

• Epidemiology
• Public health
• Outbreak
• John Snow (physician)
• Broad Street cholera outbreak
• Epidemiologic triad
• Public health surveillance
• Field Epidemiology Training Program