Flezelastine

Flezelastine

Flezelastine is a pharmaceutical compound classified as an antihistamine, primarily used in the treatment of allergic conditions. It is known for its efficacy in alleviating symptoms associated with allergic rhinitis and other allergic reactions.

Pharmacology

Flezelastine functions as a selective antagonist of the histamine H1 receptor. By blocking the action of histamine, a chemical released during allergic reactions, flezelastine reduces symptoms such as itching, sneezing, and nasal congestion. Unlike some first-generation antihistamines, flezelastine is less likely to cause sedation, making it a preferable option for patients who need to maintain alertness.

Mechanism of Action

Flezelastine binds to the H1 receptor on the surface of cells in the respiratory tract, skin, and other tissues. This binding prevents histamine from attaching to the receptor, thereby inhibiting the cascade of events that lead to allergic symptoms. Flezelastine's action is primarily peripheral, with minimal central nervous system penetration, which accounts for its reduced sedative effects.

Clinical Uses

Flezelastine is indicated for the management of:

• Allergic rhinitis
• Chronic urticaria
• Other allergic conditions where histamine plays a significant role

Dosage and Administration

Flezelastine is available in various formulations, including oral tablets and nasal sprays. The dosage and administration depend on the specific condition being treated, the patient's age, and the formulation used. It is important to follow the prescribing information or a healthcare provider's instructions when using flezelastine.

Side Effects

Common side effects of flezelastine may include:

• Headache
• Dry mouth
• Fatigue
• Nausea

Serious side effects are rare but can include hypersensitivity reactions. Patients should seek medical attention if they experience symptoms such as difficulty breathing, swelling, or severe rash.

Contraindications

Flezelastine is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to the drug or any of its components. Caution is advised in patients with severe renal impairment.

Drug Interactions

Flezelastine may interact with other medications that depress the central nervous system, although such interactions are less pronounced compared to first-generation antihistamines. Patients should inform their healthcare provider of all medications they are taking to avoid potential interactions.

Research and Development

Ongoing research is exploring the potential of flezelastine in treating other conditions mediated by histamine and its role in combination therapies for enhanced efficacy.

Also see

• Antihistamine
• Histamine
• Allergic rhinitis
• Chronic urticaria

First Generation Antihistamines

• Brompheniramine
• Carbinoxamine
• Chlorcyclizine
• Chlorpheniramine
• Clemastine
• Cyclizine
• Cyproheptadine
• Dexbrompheniramine
• Dexchlorpheniramine
• Dimenhydrinate
• Diphenhydramine
• Doxylamine
• Hydroxyzine
• Meclizine
• Phenyltoloxamine
• Promethazine
• Triprolidine

Second Generation Antihistamines

• Acrivastine
• Cetirizine
• Fexofenadine
• Levocetirizine
• Loratadine
• Desloratadine