Focal adhesion

Focal Adhesion

Focal adhesion is a type of cell adhesion that is characterized by the binding of cells to the extracellular matrix (ECM). This process is crucial for various cellular functions, including cell migration, cell proliferation, and cell differentiation.

File:Focal adhesion.jpg

Illustration of a cell showing focal adhesions

Structure

Focal adhesions are complex structures that consist of multiple proteins. The core components include integrins, talin, vinculin, and paxillin. These proteins interact with each other and with the ECM to form a physical link between the cytoskeleton and the ECM.

Function

Focal adhesions serve as the primary means for cells to adhere to the ECM. They also play a crucial role in signal transduction, transmitting signals from the ECM to the cell. This process is essential for various cellular functions, such as cell migration, cell proliferation, and cell differentiation.

Role in Disease

Abnormalities in focal adhesion can lead to various diseases, including cancer, fibrosis, and atherosclerosis. For example, in cancer, changes in focal adhesion can promote tumor growth and metastasis.

File:Focal adhesion in disease.jpg

Illustration of the role of focal adhesion in disease

See Also

• Cell adhesion
• Extracellular matrix
• Integrin
• Talin
• Vinculin
• Paxillin
• Cytoskeleton
• Signal transduction
• Cancer
• Fibrosis
• Atherosclerosis

References

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