Foramen of monro

Anatomical structure in the brain

Foramen of Monro

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Diagram showing the position of the foramen of Monro in the brain.
Latin	Foramen interventriculare
Precursor	Neural tube
System	Ventricular system

The foramen of Monro, also known as the interventricular foramen, is a crucial anatomical structure in the human brain. It serves as a channel that connects the lateral ventricles with the third ventricle, allowing the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) between these cavities. This foramen is named after the Scottish physician Alexander Monro (tertius), who described it in the 18th century.

Anatomy

The foramen of Monro is located in the midline of the brain, near the anterior part of the third ventricle. It is bordered by the thalamus and the fornix, and it is situated beneath the corpus callosum. Each lateral ventricle has its own foramen of Monro, which opens into the third ventricle.

Function

The primary function of the foramen of Monro is to facilitate the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the ventricular system. CSF is produced by the choroid plexus in the lateral ventricles and flows through the foramen of Monro into the third ventricle. From there, it continues through the cerebral aqueduct into the fourth ventricle and eventually into the subarachnoid space surrounding the brain and spinal cord.

Clinical significance

Obstruction of the foramen of Monro can lead to a condition known as hydrocephalus, which is characterized by an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles, causing increased intracranial pressure. This can result from congenital malformations, tumors, or inflammation. Treatment may involve surgical procedures such as the placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt or an endoscopic third ventriculostomy to restore normal CSF flow.

History

The foramen of Monro was first described by Alexander Monro, a prominent figure in the field of anatomy and surgery. His work laid the foundation for understanding the ventricular system and its role in the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid.

Also see

• Ventricular system
• Cerebrospinal fluid
• Hydrocephalus
• Choroid plexus
• Third ventricle