GNRHR
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GNRHR) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNRHR gene. It is a receptor for gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), a hormone that plays pivotal roles in the regulation of human reproduction.
Structure[edit | edit source]
The GNRHR is a member of the rhodopsin-like family of G protein-coupled receptors. It is a 328 amino acid protein that is primarily located in the pituitary gland. The receptor is a seven-transmembrane protein that is coupled to the G protein Gq/11 which activates phospholipase C and inositol trisphosphate (IP3) mediated calcium release.
Function[edit | edit source]
The primary function of the GNRHR is to transduce the signal from GnRH, leading to the release of the gonadotropins, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary. These hormones are critical for gametogenesis and steroidogenesis, and thus for reproductive function in both males and females.
Clinical significance[edit | edit source]
Mutations in the GNRHR gene can lead to hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH), a condition characterized by low levels of gonadotropins and sex steroids, leading to delayed or absent puberty and infertility. Treatment for HH often involves hormone replacement therapy.
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
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