Gamma-Valerolactone

Gamma-Valerolactone (GVL) is an organic compound and a lactone, with the molecular formula C₅H₈O₂. It is a colorless liquid with a mild fruity odor, and is a product of fermentation of sugars and lipids. It is used as a solvent and in the manufacture of various chemicals.

Chemical Properties

Gamma-Valerolactone is a five-membered lactone and is the gamma derivative of valeric acid. It is a polar solvent similar to water and ethanol. It is biodegradable and is considered a green solvent.

Production

Gamma-Valerolactone can be produced from glucose via levulinic acid. It can also be obtained from biomass such as cellulose and hemicellulose. The production process involves the hydrogenation of levulinic acid over a catalyst.

Applications

Gamma-Valerolactone is used as a solvent in a variety of applications, including in the production of polymers and resins. It is also used in the manufacture of flavoring agents and perfumes due to its mild fruity odor.

Health Effects

Exposure to Gamma-Valerolactone can cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. It may also cause nausea, headache, and dizziness. Long-term exposure can lead to more serious health effects.

See Also

• Levulinic acid
• Valeric acid
• Lactone
• Organic compound