Garfield County, Washington

Garfield County Courthouse

Garfield County, Washington is a county located in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 2,225, making it the least populous county in Washington. The county seat and largest city is Pomeroy. Garfield County is notable for its rich agricultural history, scenic landscapes, and outdoor recreational opportunities.

History

Garfield County was created out of Columbia County on November 29, 1881, and was named in honor of James A. Garfield, the 20th President of the United States, who was assassinated earlier that year. The county's formation was a result of the significant increase in population and economic activity in the area during the late 19th century, primarily due to agriculture and the timber industry.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 718 square miles, of which 711 square miles is land and 7.4 square miles (1.0%) is water. The landscape of Garfield County is characterized by rolling hills primarily used for agriculture, particularly wheat farming. The Snake River forms the eastern boundary of the county, providing irrigation for crops and opportunities for fishing and boating.

Adjacent counties

• Asotin County, Washington - east
• Whitman County, Washington - north
• Columbia County, Washington - west
• Wallowa County, Oregon - south

Demographics

As of the 2020 Census, Garfield County had a population of 2,225. The racial makeup of the county was predominantly White, with small percentages of African American, Native American, Asian, and other races. The economy of Garfield County is largely based on agriculture, with wheat being the primary crop, along with barley, legumes, and livestock.

Government and politics

Garfield County is governed by a three-member Board of County Commissioners, which oversees county operations and budget. The county tends to lean politically conservative, with a majority of its voters supporting Republican candidates in state and national elections.

Economy

The economy of Garfield County is primarily based on agriculture, with wheat being the most significant crop. The county's farmers also grow barley, canola, and legumes, and raise cattle and sheep. The scenic beauty of the county, including the Snake River and surrounding landscapes, also supports a modest tourism industry focused on outdoor recreation, such as fishing, hunting, and boating.

Education

Garfield County is served by the Garfield County School District, which includes elementary, middle, and high schools located in Pomeroy. The schools offer a range of educational programs, including traditional academic subjects, vocational training, and extracurricular activities.

Transportation

The primary means of transportation in Garfield County are by road and river. Washington State Route 12 is the main highway running through the county, providing access to neighboring counties and states. The Snake River is navigable and is used for both recreational boating and commercial transportation.

Communities

City

• Pomeroy (county seat)

Unincorporated communities

• Pataha
• Peola
• Ping

See also

• List of counties in Washington
• National Register of Historic Places listings in Garfield County, Washington