Gentisic acid

Gentisic acid is a dihydroxybenzoic acid that is a type of phenolic acid, a type of aromatic acid. It is a white crystalline substance that is soluble in water and alcohol. It is found in the bark of trees such as the willow and poplar, and in some fruits and vegetables.

Chemical Structure and Properties

Gentisic acid has the chemical formula C7H6O4. It is a dihydroxybenzoic acid, meaning it has two hydroxyl groups attached to a benzoic acid molecule. This gives it strong antioxidant properties, as the hydroxyl groups can donate electrons to neutralize free radicals. Gentisic acid is a weak acid, with a pKa of 2.77.

Natural Occurrence

Gentisic acid is found in a variety of plants, including the bark of trees such as the willow and poplar. It is also found in some fruits and vegetables, including blackberries, raspberries, and tomatoes. In plants, it is believed to play a role in the defense against pathogens.

Uses

Gentisic acid has a number of potential uses in medicine and industry. It has been studied for its potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, and has been used in the production of dyes and plastics. It is also used as a laboratory reagent.

Health Effects

While gentisic acid is generally considered safe, it can cause side effects in some people. These can include stomach upset, nausea, and diarrhea. Long-term use can potentially lead to liver damage.

See Also

• Salicylic acid
• Phenolic acids
• Antioxidants