Glottic

Glottic

The term "glottic" refers to anything pertaining to the glottis, which is a part of the larynx involved in the production of sound. The glottis is the space between the vocal cords and plays a crucial role in phonation, the process of producing vocal sound. Understanding the anatomy and function of the glottic region is essential for medical professionals, particularly those specializing in otolaryngology, speech-language pathology, and related fields.

Anatomy of the Glottis

The glottis is located in the larynx, which is situated in the neck and is part of the respiratory system. The larynx is composed of several cartilages, muscles, and ligaments that work together to facilitate breathing, protect the airway, and produce sound.

Vocal Cords

The vocal cords, also known as vocal folds, are two bands of muscle tissue that are key components of the glottis. They are located horizontally across the larynx and can be adjusted in tension and length to modulate pitch and volume of the sound produced.

Rima Glottidis

The rima glottidis is the opening between the vocal cords. It changes shape and size during breathing and phonation. During quiet breathing, the rima glottidis is open, allowing air to pass through. During phonation, the vocal cords come together, and the rima glottidis becomes narrow, allowing the vocal cords to vibrate and produce sound.

Function of the Glottis

The primary function of the glottis is to produce sound. This is achieved through the vibration of the vocal cords as air passes through the rima glottidis. The tension and length of the vocal cords can be adjusted to change the pitch and volume of the sound produced.

Phonation

Phonation is the process of sound production in the larynx. It involves the coordinated action of the respiratory system, the laryngeal muscles, and the vocal cords. The vocal cords are brought together and vibrate as air from the lungs passes through them, creating sound waves.

Protection of the Airway

In addition to sound production, the glottis plays a role in protecting the airway. During swallowing, the vocal cords close tightly to prevent food or liquid from entering the trachea and lungs.

Clinical Significance

The glottic region can be affected by various medical conditions, including:

• Laryngitis: Inflammation of the larynx, often affecting the vocal cords and leading to hoarseness or loss of voice.
• Vocal Cord Nodules: Benign growths on the vocal cords that can affect voice quality.
• Glottic Cancer: A type of laryngeal cancer that originates in the glottic region, often presenting with symptoms such as hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, and a persistent cough.

Also see

• Larynx
• Vocal cords
• Phonation
• Laryngitis
• Otolaryngology