Haemolysis

Haemolysis (also spelled hemolysis) is the rupture or destruction of red blood cells, which leads to the release of hemoglobin into the surrounding fluid. This process can occur naturally in the body or in a laboratory setting. Haemolysis can be caused by numerous medical conditions and can lead to complications such as anemia and jaundice.

Causes

Haemolysis can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

• Infections: Certain bacteria and viruses can cause haemolysis.
• Autoimmune diseases: Conditions such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia can lead to haemolysis.
• Genetic disorders: Conditions such as sickle cell anemia and thalassemia can cause haemolysis.
• Toxins: Certain toxins and chemicals can cause haemolysis.
• Physical damage: Trauma or surgery can cause haemolysis.

Symptoms

The symptoms of haemolysis can vary depending on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. Common symptoms can include:

• Fatigue
• Shortness of breath
• Pale skin
• Yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice)
• Dark urine

Diagnosis

Haemolysis is typically diagnosed through a series of blood tests. These tests can include a complete blood count (CBC), a reticulocyte count, and a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) test. In some cases, a direct antiglobulin test (DAT) may also be performed.

Treatment

Treatment for haemolysis typically involves addressing the underlying cause of the condition. This can include treating any infections, managing any autoimmune diseases, or providing supportive care for genetic disorders. In severe cases, a blood transfusion may be necessary.

See also

• Anemia
• Jaundice
• Sickle cell anemia
• Thalassemia
• Autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Haemolysis Resources
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