Heatstroke

Heatstroke is a severe form of hyperthermia that occurs when the body is unable to regulate its temperature. The body's temperature rises rapidly, the sweating mechanism fails, and the body is unable to cool down. Heatstroke can cause death or permanent disability if emergency treatment is not provided.

Signs and Symptoms

Heatstroke symptoms can vary, but may include:

• An extremely high body temperature (above 103°F)
• Red, hot, and dry skin (no sweating)
• Rapid, strong pulse
• Throbbing headache
• Dizziness
• Nausea
• Confusion
• Unconsciousness

Causes

Heatstroke can occur as a result of:

• Prolonged exposure to a hot environment
• Strenuous activity
• Wearing excess clothing
• Drinking alcohol
• Dehydration
• Certain health conditions, such as heart, lung, or kidney disease

Prevention

Prevention strategies include:

• Drinking plenty of fluids
• Wearing lightweight, light-colored, loose-fitting clothing
• Protecting against sunburn
• Taking it easy during the hottest parts of the day
• Never leaving anyone in a parked car

Treatment

Treatment involves reducing the body's temperature as quickly as possible. This may involve:

• Moving the person to a cooler environment
• Removing excess clothing
• Cooling the person with whatever means available, such as a cool bath or damp sheets

See Also

• Hyperthermia
• Dehydration
• Sunburn

References

Heatstroke Resources
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