Hippophae rhamnoides

Seabuckthorn berries, Nubra valley, Ladakh

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Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamonides)

243 Hippophae rhamnoides

Tyrnin marjoja

Hippophae rhamnoides, commonly known as sea buckthorn, is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeagnaceae, native to the cold-temperate regions of Europe and Asia. It is a deciduous shrub or small tree, reaching 0.5–6 m tall, known for its bright orange berries and thorny branches. The plant plays a significant role in traditional medicine and is also valued for its nutritional content. Its berries, leaves, and seeds are rich in vitamins, antioxidants, and essential fatty acids, making it a popular ingredient in various dietary supplements and skin care products.

Description

Hippophae rhamnoides is a hardy plant that thrives in sandy, well-drained soils and can tolerate salinity and drought. It has narrow, silvery-green leaves and produces small, yellowish flowers. The male and female flowers are borne on separate plants (dioecious). After pollination, the female plants bear the characteristic orange-red berries, which are a key identifying feature of the species.

Distribution and Habitat

Hippophae rhamnoides is found across a wide range of climates and geographies, from the coastal areas of Europe to the mountains of China and Mongolia. It typically grows in riverbanks, floodplains, and sea coasts, where it helps to prevent soil erosion thanks to its extensive root system.

Uses

1. 1. 1. Nutritional and Medicinal Uses

The berries of Hippophae rhamnoides are highly nutritious, containing high levels of vitamin C, vitamin E, flavonoids, and omega fatty acids. They have been used in traditional medicine for centuries to treat various ailments, including skin problems, digestive issues, and respiratory conditions. Modern research has explored their potential in treating cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and as a component in cancer therapy.

1. 1. 1. Culinary Uses

Sea buckthorn berries are tart and can be eaten raw or used in a variety of recipes, such as jams, juices, and sauces. They are also used to make nutritional supplements and herbal teas.

1. 1. 1. Cosmetic Uses

The oil extracted from the seeds and pulp of the berries is rich in nutrients and antioxidants, making it a valuable ingredient in skin care products. It is believed to promote skin hydration, elasticity, and cell regeneration.

Cultivation

Cultivation of Hippophae rhamnoides requires attention to its dioecious nature, meaning that both male and female plants are needed for fruit production. It is propagated through seeds, cuttings, or root suckers. The plant is resistant to pests and diseases, making it relatively easy to grow.

Environmental Impact

Hippophae rhamnoides plays an important role in environmental conservation. Its ability to fix nitrogen in the soil improves soil fertility, while its dense root system helps in stabilizing and preventing soil erosion. It is often planted in disturbed areas and along waterways to rehabilitate the soil and support biodiversity.