Histone deacetylase 5

Histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HDAC5 gene. It is a member of the histone deacetylase family, which is involved in a number of cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, gene expression, and transcriptional regulation.

Function

HDAC5 is a chromatin-modifying enzyme that removes acetyl groups from histone proteins. This process, known as histone deacetylation, results in the condensation of chromatin and the suppression of gene transcription. HDAC5 is particularly important in the regulation of gene expression in the heart and brain, where it plays a key role in cardiac hypertrophy and neuronal differentiation, respectively.

Structure

The HDAC5 protein is composed of 1122 amino acids and has a molecular weight of approximately 122 kDa. It contains a deacetylase domain, which is responsible for its enzymatic activity, and a nuclear localization signal (NLS), which directs the protein to the nucleus of the cell.

Clinical significance

Alterations in the function of HDAC5 have been implicated in a number of diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. In particular, overexpression of HDAC5 has been observed in several types of cancer, suggesting that it may serve as a potential therapeutic target.

See also

• Histone deacetylase
• Gene expression
• Transcription (genetics)

References

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