Hospital of St Cross

Hospital of St Cross is a historic alms house and hospital located in Winchester, Hampshire, England. It is one of the oldest charitable institutions in the United Kingdom, having been founded in the 12th century by Henry of Blois, Bishop of Winchester and grandson of William the Conqueror. The Hospital of St Cross is a remarkable example of medieval architecture and has been providing care and support to the needy for centuries. It is not only a significant historical site but also continues to serve as a living institution, offering accommodation and assistance to a community of men known as the Brothers of St Cross.

History

The foundation of the Hospital of St Cross was laid in 1132 by Henry of Blois. It was established to provide care for the poor, sick, and elderly. Over the centuries, the hospital expanded its buildings and services, adapting to the changing needs of society while maintaining its core mission of charity. The Hospital of St Cross was originally intended to support 13 poor men, symbolizing Jesus Christ and his 12 apostles, offering them food, shelter, and medical care.

Architecture

The Hospital of St Cross boasts a remarkable collection of medieval buildings, which have been preserved and maintained over the centuries. The complex includes a magnificent 12th-century church, a large quadrangle, a medieval hall, and a series of residential buildings for the Brothers. The church, dedicated to St Cross, is a fine example of Norman architecture, featuring a beautiful chancel, nave, and tower. The buildings are set within tranquil gardens and grounds, providing a peaceful retreat in the heart of Winchester.

The Brothers of St Cross

The Hospital of St Cross is home to a community of men known as the Brothers of St Cross. These individuals are provided with accommodation and a stipend in return for their commitment to the life and work of the hospital. The Brothers participate in daily services in the church and contribute to the running of the institution. The criteria for becoming a Brother have evolved over time, but the role remains an essential part of the hospital's charitable mission.

The Wayfarer's Dole

One of the most enduring traditions associated with the Hospital of St Cross is the Wayfarer's Dole. This tradition dates back to the founding of the hospital and involves the provision of a small horn cup of ale and a slice of bread to any traveler who requests it at the Porter's Lodge. The Wayfarer's Dole symbolizes the hospital's ongoing commitment to hospitality and charity.

Preservation and Tourism

The Hospital of St Cross is a Grade I listed building, recognizing its exceptional interest and historical significance. It is open to the public, offering guided tours that provide insight into the history, architecture, and daily life of this unique institution. Visitors can explore the church, the Brothers' quarters, and the beautiful gardens, gaining a deeper understanding of the hospital's role in English history and society.

Conclusion

The Hospital of St Cross stands as a testament to the enduring nature of charity and care for the needy. Its rich history, stunning architecture, and living tradition of the Brothers and the Wayfarer's Dole make it a fascinating site for both historians and tourists. As it continues to serve its original charitable purpose, the Hospital of St Cross remains a vital part of the Winchester community and a symbol of compassion and support that has stood the test of time.