Hoysala Empire

Hoysala Empire ಹೊಯ್ಸಳ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯ
1026–1343
Capital	Belur, later Halebidu
Common languages	Kannada, Sanskrit
Religion	Hinduism, Jainism
Government	Monarchy
History
• Established	1026
• Fall to the Delhi Sultanate	1343
Preceded by Succeeded by Western Chalukya Empire Vijayanagara Empire
Today part of	India

The Hoysala Empire was a prominent South Indian dynasty that ruled most of the modern-day state of Karnataka, parts of Tamil Nadu, and areas in southern Andhra Pradesh from the 10th to the 14th century. The empire is remembered for its distinctive architecture and contributions to art, literature, and culture in South India.

History

The Hoysala Empire was established in 1026 by Nripa Kama II, though the origins of the dynasty trace back to the early 10th century. The empire reached its zenith under the rule of King Vishnuvardhana, who expanded the territory significantly and built many temples, including the famous Chennakeshava Temple at Belur. The Hoysalas were known for their skirmishes and alliances with other South Indian powers like the Cholas, Pandyas, and later the Seuna Yadavas.

The decline of the Hoysala Empire began in the early 14th century when it faced invasions from the Delhi Sultanate. The last notable ruler, Veera Ballala III, was killed in battle in 1343, leading to the eventual absorption of Hoysala territories into the newly rising Vijayanagara Empire.

Culture

The Hoysalas made significant contributions to the cultural landscape of South India. They were patrons of art and architecture, leading to the development of the unique Hoysala architecture, characterized by intricately carved temples made from soapstone. Notable examples include the Hoysaleswara Temple at Halebidu and the already mentioned Chennakeshava Temple at Belur.

Literature flourished during the Hoysala period, with court poets producing works in both Kannada and Sanskrit. The empire was also a center of Jainism and promoted various forms of classical dance and music.

Economy

The economy of the Hoysala Empire was predominantly agrarian, with rice being the staple crop. Trade also played a crucial role, with the empire having thriving market centers and trade relationships with other parts of India and overseas regions.

Legacy

The architectural and cultural contributions of the Hoysala Empire have left a lasting legacy in the region. Many of their temples are now UNESCO World Heritage Sites and continue to draw scholars and tourists interested in medieval South Indian history.

See also

• History of Karnataka
• Western Chalukya Empire
• Vijayanagara Empire