Hypermobility syndrome

From WikiMD's Wellnesspedia

Hypermobility Syndrome (HMS), also known as Benign Joint Hypermobility Syndrome (BJHS), is a condition characterized by joints that stretch farther than normal. For some individuals, this condition is associated with pain and other symptoms. Hypermobility is often considered a benign trait, but when it leads to discomfort or interferes with daily activities, it is recognized as a medical condition.

Causes and Genetics[edit | edit source]

The exact cause of Hypermobility Syndrome is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to the properties of the connective tissue. Genetic factors play a significant role, with the condition often running in families. Mutations in certain genes that affect collagen, an essential protein in connective tissue, have been linked to increased joint laxity.

Symptoms[edit | edit source]

Symptoms of Hypermobility Syndrome can vary widely among individuals. Common symptoms include:

  • Joint hypermobility
  • Pain in the joints or muscles
  • Frequent joint dislocations or sprains
  • Fatigue
  • Digestive issues, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
  • Autonomic dysregulation, such as orthostatic intolerance

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnosis of Hypermobility Syndrome is primarily clinical, based on medical history and physical examination. The Beighton score is a commonly used tool to assess joint laxity, with a score of 4 or more out of 9 indicating generalized hypermobility. However, diagnosis also considers symptoms such as pain and fatigue, which are not accounted for by the Beighton score alone.

Treatment[edit | edit source]

There is no cure for Hypermobility Syndrome, but treatment focuses on managing symptoms and improving quality of life. Treatment options may include:

  • Physical therapy to strengthen muscles around the joints
  • Pain management strategies, including medications and lifestyle modifications
  • Education on joint protection to prevent injuries

Prognosis[edit | edit source]

The prognosis for individuals with Hypermobility Syndrome varies. While the condition itself is not life-threatening, it can significantly impact quality of life. Early intervention and a multidisciplinary approach to management can help individuals lead active and fulfilling lives.

Epidemiology[edit | edit source]

Hypermobility Syndrome is a common condition, though its exact prevalence is difficult to determine due to varying diagnostic criteria. It is more frequently diagnosed in females and younger individuals.

See Also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]


Hypermobility syndrome Resources

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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD