Incense in China

Lidded incense burner (xianglu) with geometric decoration and narrative scenes

Incense in China

Incense has a long and rich history in China, where it has been used for religious, cultural, and medicinal purposes for thousands of years. The practice of burning incense is deeply intertwined with Chinese culture, Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism.

History

The use of incense in China dates back to the Neolithic period. Archaeological evidence suggests that incense was used in religious rituals and ceremonies. During the Han Dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE), the use of incense became more widespread, influenced by the introduction of Buddhism from India. Incense burning became an integral part of Buddhist rituals and practices.

Types of Incense

Chinese incense comes in various forms, including:

• Stick Incense: The most common form, made by rolling a paste of incense materials around a bamboo stick.
• Cone Incense: Shaped like a cone, it burns from the tip down.
• Coil Incense: Long-lasting, often used in temples.
• Powder Incense: Used in censers and for making incense trails.

Ingredients

Traditional Chinese incense is made from a variety of natural materials, including:

• Sandalwood
• Agarwood
• Frankincense
• Myrrh
• Cinnamon
• Clove

Cultural Significance

Incense plays a significant role in various aspects of Chinese culture:

• Religious Ceremonies: Used in Buddhist, Taoist, and Confucian rituals.
• Ancestral Worship: Burned during ceremonies to honor ancestors.
• Traditional Chinese Medicine: Believed to have healing properties and used in various treatments.
• Daily Life: Used to purify the air, create a pleasant atmosphere, and as a part of daily rituals.

Modern Use

Today, incense remains an important part of Chinese culture. It is used in homes, temples, and during festivals. The practice of burning incense continues to be a way to connect with the divine, honor ancestors, and create a peaceful environment.

See Also

• Buddhism in China
• Taoism
• Confucianism
• Traditional Chinese Medicine
• Chinese culture