Intraembryonic coelom

Intraembryonic coelom is a significant structure that forms during the embryonic development of vertebrates. It is a fluid-filled cavity that separates the visceral and parietal layers of the lateral plate mesoderm. The intraembryonic coelom plays a crucial role in the formation of the body cavities, including the pericardial, pleural, and peritoneal cavities.

Formation

The intraembryonic coelom forms during the third week of embryonic development. It begins as small, isolated cavities within the lateral plate mesoderm. These cavities gradually merge to form a single, horseshoe-shaped cavity, the intraembryonic coelom. The coelom is initially continuous with the extraembryonic coelom but becomes separated as the embryo folds.

Function

The intraembryonic coelom serves as the primordium for the major body cavities. It divides the lateral plate mesoderm into two layers: the somatic (parietal) mesoderm and the splanchnic (visceral) mesoderm. The somatic mesoderm lines the body wall, while the splanchnic mesoderm surrounds the gut tube. The coelom also provides a space for the developing organs to grow and move.

Clinical Significance

Abnormalities in the formation of the intraembryonic coelom can lead to a variety of congenital defects. These include diaphragmatic hernia, congenital heart defects, and abnormalities in the formation of the lungs and abdominal organs.

See Also

• Embryonic development
• Lateral plate mesoderm
• Body cavities