Iridomyrmecin

Iridomyrmecin is a type of monoterpene that is produced by certain species of ants, specifically those in the Iridomyrmex genus. It is a volatile compound that is used by these ants as a chemical pheromone for communication and defense.

Chemical Structure and Properties[edit | edit source]

Iridomyrmecin is a hydrocarbon compound with the molecular formula C10H16. It is a member of the monoterpene class of terpenes, which are organic compounds made up of two isoprene units. The structure of iridomyrmecin is characterized by a six-membered ring with a methyl group and an isopropyl group attached.

The compound is volatile, meaning it easily evaporates at room temperature. This property allows it to be used as a pheromone, as it can be readily dispersed into the air.

Biological Role[edit | edit source]

In ants of the Iridomyrmex genus, iridomyrmecin is produced in the Dufour's gland, a specialized gland located in the abdomen. The compound is released as a vapor when the ant is threatened, acting as a chemical deterrent against predators.

In addition to its role in defense, iridomyrmecin also serves as a communication pheromone. Ants of the Iridomyrmex genus use it to mark trails and signal to other members of the colony.

Synthesis and Applications[edit | edit source]

While iridomyrmecin is naturally produced by ants, it can also be synthesized in the laboratory. The compound has been studied for its potential applications in pest control, due to its deterrent effect on certain insects.

File:Iridomyrmecin.png

Chemical structure of Iridomyrmecin