Jejunostomy

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Jejunostomy

A jejunostomy is a surgical procedure in which a stoma (an opening) is created in the jejunum, which is part of the small intestine. This procedure is typically performed to provide an alternative route for enteral feeding when oral intake is not possible or adequate.

Indications

Jejunostomy is indicated in various medical conditions, including:

• Gastrointestinal cancer
• Severe pancreatitis
• Crohn's disease
• Short bowel syndrome
• Severe trauma to the digestive system
• Neurological disorders that impair swallowing

Procedure

The procedure can be performed using different techniques, including:

• **Open jejunostomy**: A traditional surgical approach where an incision is made in the abdomen to access the jejunum.
• **Laparoscopic jejunostomy**: A minimally invasive approach using small incisions and a laparoscope to guide the placement of the feeding tube.

During the procedure, a feeding tube is inserted through the abdominal wall into the jejunum. The tube is then secured in place to prevent dislodgement.

Postoperative Care

Postoperative care is crucial for the success of a jejunostomy. It includes:

• Monitoring for signs of infection at the stoma site
• Ensuring the feeding tube remains patent and functional
• Gradually introducing enteral nutrition to avoid complications such as dumping syndrome
• Regular follow-up with a healthcare provider to manage any complications

Complications

Potential complications of a jejunostomy include:

• Infection at the stoma site
• Dislodgement or blockage of the feeding tube
• Peritonitis
• Electrolyte imbalance
• Skin irritation around the stoma

See Also

• Enteral nutrition
• Gastrostomy
• Parenteral nutrition
• Small intestine