Jellied eels

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Jellied eels are a traditional English dish that originated in the 18th century in the East End of London. Made from chopped eels boiled in a spiced stock that is allowed to cool and set, forming a jelly, jellied eels are often served cold. The dish is a staple of London's Cockney culture and has long been associated with the city's working-class communities.

History

The practice of eating eels in England dates back to the Middle Ages, when eels were abundant in the River Thames and other rivers and estuaries in England. Jellied eels, however, became popular in the 18th century among the working class in the East End of London. The dish was inexpensive, nutritious, and could be kept without refrigeration, which contributed to its popularity.

Preparation

The preparation of jellied eels involves cleaning and chopping eels into pieces, which are then boiled in water with various spices, vinegar, and sometimes vegetables. The mixture is simmered until the eels are cooked through. The eels naturally contain gelatin, which, when cooled, sets the cooking liquid into a jelly. The dish is typically served cold, often with vinegar or lemon juice sprinkled on top.

Cultural Significance

Jellied eels hold a significant place in London's culinary tradition, particularly within the Cockney culture. They are often associated with pie and mash shops, traditional establishments that serve pie, mash, and jellied eels. Despite a decline in popularity since the mid-20th century, jellied eels remain a symbol of London's East End and its history.

Decline and Revival

The consumption of jellied eels has declined since the 1950s, due in part to changing tastes and the diminishing eel populations in British waters. However, there has been a recent interest in reviving traditional foods, and jellied eels have seen a resurgence in some quarters, celebrated as part of London's culinary heritage.

Environmental Concerns

The European eel (Anguilla anguilla) used in jellied eels is now classified as critically endangered. Overfishing, habitat loss, and barriers to migration, such as dams, have significantly reduced eel populations. Sustainable sourcing and conservation efforts are crucial to ensuring the future of this traditional dish.