John Strong Newberry

John Strong Newberry

John Strong Newberry (December 22, 1822 – December 7, 1892) was an American geologist, physician, and explorer. He made significant contributions to the fields of geology, paleontology, and botany, and was a key figure in the early scientific exploration of the American West.

Early Life and Education

John Strong Newberry was born in Windsor, Connecticut. He attended Western Reserve College (now Case Western Reserve University) in Hudson, Ohio, where he developed an interest in natural sciences. He later studied medicine at the Cleveland Medical College (now part of Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine), graduating in 1848.

Career

Medical Practice

After completing his medical degree, Newberry practiced medicine in Cleveland, Ohio. However, his passion for natural sciences led him to pursue a career in geology and exploration.

Geological Surveys

Newberry joined several important geological surveys in the mid-19th century. In 1855, he was appointed as the geologist for the Pacific Railroad Surveys, which aimed to find the best route for a transcontinental railroad. His work on these surveys provided valuable geological and botanical information about the American West.

In 1857, Newberry was part of the Ives Expedition led by Joseph Christmas Ives, which explored the Colorado River and the Grand Canyon. His geological observations during this expedition were among the first scientific descriptions of the region.

Civil War Service

During the American Civil War, Newberry served as a surgeon in the Union Army. He was appointed as the Secretary of the Western Sanitary Commission, where he played a crucial role in organizing medical care and supplies for Union soldiers.

Post-War Contributions

After the war, Newberry continued his geological work. He became a professor of geology and paleontology at the Columbia School of Mines (now part of Columbia University). He was also appointed as the first director of the Ohio Geological Survey in 1869, where he conducted extensive studies of the state's geology and natural resources.

Legacy

John Strong Newberry's contributions to geology and natural sciences were widely recognized. He was a member of several scientific societies, including the National Academy of Sciences and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. His work laid the foundation for future geological studies in the United States.

See Also

• Geology of the United States
• Pacific Railroad Surveys
• Ives Expedition
• Ohio Geological Survey