Joint hypermobility syndrome

Joint Hypermobility Syndrome (JHS), also known as Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome type III, is a hereditary connective tissue disorder characterized by joints that stretch further than normal. This condition is often associated with pain in the knees, fingers, hips, and elbows.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of JHS is joints that move beyond the normal range expected for a particular joint, also known as hypermobility. Other symptoms can include pain in the joints or muscles, fatigue, and recurrent dislocations or subluxations. Some individuals with JHS may also experience skin that is smooth and velvety.

Causes

JHS is believed to be a genetic disorder, specifically a connective tissue disorder. The exact cause is unknown, but it is thought to involve a mutation in one of the genes responsible for the body's production of collagen, a protein that adds strength and elasticity to connective tissue.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of JHS is typically based on a physical examination and a review of the patient's medical history. The Beighton score is a commonly used diagnostic tool for assessing joint hypermobility. Genetic testing may also be used to confirm a diagnosis, although this is not always necessary.

Treatment

There is currently no cure for JHS, but treatment can help manage symptoms. This may include physical therapy to strengthen muscles and stabilize joints, pain management strategies, and lifestyle modifications. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair damaged joints.

See also

• Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
• Marfan Syndrome
• Osteogenesis Imperfecta

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