LIG1
DNA ligase 1 (LIG1) is an enzyme that plays a critical role in DNA replication and DNA repair. It is responsible for joining Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand during DNA replication and for sealing nicks in the DNA backbone during various DNA repair processes.
Function[edit | edit source]
LIG1 is essential for maintaining the integrity of the genome. During DNA replication, LIG1 ligates the discontinuous DNA fragments synthesized on the lagging strand, ensuring the continuity of the newly synthesized DNA. In DNA repair, LIG1 is involved in base excision repair and nucleotide excision repair, where it seals the nicks left after the removal of damaged bases or nucleotides.
Structure[edit | edit source]
The LIG1 protein consists of several domains, including a DNA-binding domain, a catalytic domain, and a nucleotide-binding domain. These domains work together to recognize DNA substrates, catalyze the formation of phosphodiester bonds, and utilize ATP as a cofactor.
Clinical significance[edit | edit source]
Mutations in the LIG1 gene can lead to genomic instability and are associated with various genetic disorders. Deficiencies in LIG1 activity can result in increased susceptibility to cancer and other diseases due to impaired DNA repair mechanisms.
Research[edit | edit source]
LIG1 is a target for research in cancer therapy and genetic engineering. Inhibitors of LIG1 are being explored as potential chemotherapeutic agents that could enhance the efficacy of DNA-damaging agents by preventing the repair of DNA damage in cancer cells.
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
External links[edit | edit source]
| Excision repair | |
|---|---|
| Other forms of repair | |
| Other/ungrouped proteins | |
| Regulation | |
| Other/ungrouped | |
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