Lactarius rubrilacteus

Lactarius rubrilacteus 126762

Lactarius rubrilacteus, commonly known as the Bleeding Milkcap, is a species of mushroom in the Russulaceae family. This fungus is notable for its distinctive red latex, which oozes out when the mushroom's flesh is cut or broken, and its association with coniferous trees, particularly pines, in North America. The mushroom is found predominantly in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States and in similar habitats in Canada.

Description

Lactarius rubrilacteus features a cap that ranges from 5 to 15 cm in diameter, initially convex before becoming more flattened or depressed in the center with age. The cap's surface is smooth and can vary in color from pinkish to reddish-brown. The gills are closely spaced, attached to slightly decurrent, and exhibit a similar coloration to the cap but may become more orange with age. The stem of the mushroom is 4 to 8 cm tall and 1 to 2 cm thick, colored similarly to the cap and gills.

A defining characteristic of this species is its red latex, which is produced when the mushroom's flesh is damaged. This latex does not change color upon exposure to air, unlike the latex of some other Lactarius species. The flesh of the mushroom is white and can turn pink when exposed to air.

Habitat and Distribution

Lactarius rubrilacteus is primarily found in coniferous forests, especially those dominated by various species of pine, where it forms mycorrhizal associations with the trees. These symbiotic relationships are crucial for the nutrient exchange between the fungus and its host tree. The mushroom is most commonly encountered in the Pacific Northwest of the United States, including states such as Oregon and Washington, and extends into parts of Canada that share similar ecological conditions.

Edibility

The edibility of Lactarius rubrilacteus is a subject of debate, with some sources suggesting that while it is not toxic, its peppery taste and the presence of the red latex make it less desirable for culinary use. It is not commonly consumed, but some foragers and mushroom enthusiasts may experiment with its preparation to mitigate its strong flavors.

Similar Species

Lactarius rubrilacteus can be confused with other red-latex-producing Lactarius species, such as Lactarius sanguifluus and Lactarius deliciosus, which are found in Europe and are highly regarded edible mushrooms. Distinguishing features of Lactarius rubrilacteus include its specific habitat preference for coniferous forests in North America and its unchanging red latex.

Conservation

While there are no specific conservation concerns for Lactarius rubrilacteus at this time, its reliance on healthy coniferous forest ecosystems highlights the importance of preserving these habitats. Changes in forest management practices, deforestation, and climate change could potentially impact the populations of this and other mycorrhizal fungi.