Lacteals

Lacteals are a part of the lymphatic system, specifically located in the villi of the small intestine. They play a crucial role in the absorption of dietary lipids and fat-soluble vitamins from the intestine into the blood.

Structure

Lacteals are thin, tube-like structures that are found in the center of each villus in the small intestine. They are part of the larger lymphatic system, which is a network of vessels and nodes that help to maintain the body's fluid balance and defend against infection.

Function

The primary function of lacteals is to absorb dietary lipids and fat-soluble vitamins that are not absorbed by blood capillaries. These substances are absorbed in the form of chylomicrons, which are lipoprotein particles that consist of triglycerides, cholesterol, and proteins.

After absorption, the chylomicrons are transported through the lacteals and into the larger lymphatic vessels. From there, they are eventually released into the bloodstream, where they can be used by the body for energy or stored for later use.

Clinical significance

Abnormalities or damage to the lacteals can lead to malabsorption of dietary fats and fat-soluble vitamins, which can result in nutritional deficiencies. Conditions such as Crohn's disease and celiac disease can damage the villi and lacteals, impairing their function.

In addition, blockage of the lacteals can lead to a condition known as lymphangiectasia, which can cause protein-losing enteropathy, a condition characterized by the loss of serum proteins into the intestine.

See also

• Lymphatic system
• Small intestine
• Chylomicron
• Lymphangiectasia

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