Left- and right-hand traffic

Left- and right-hand traffic refers to the practice of driving on either the left or right side of the road, which varies by country. This practice is a fundamental aspect of road transport systems and has significant implications for vehicle design, road infrastructure, and traffic regulations.

History

The origins of left- and right-hand traffic can be traced back to ancient times. In the Roman Empire, traffic was generally kept to the left side of the road. This practice continued in many parts of the world until the late 18th century. The shift to right-hand traffic began in France during the French Revolution and was later adopted by many other countries.

Global Distribution

Today, approximately 65% of the world's population drives on the right side of the road, while the remaining 35% drives on the left. Countries that drive on the left include the United Kingdom, Japan, Australia, and India. Countries that drive on the right include the United States, China, Russia, and most of Europe.

Vehicle Design

Vehicles are designed differently depending on whether they are intended for left- or right-hand traffic. In countries with left-hand traffic, vehicles typically have the driver's seat on the right side, while in countries with right-hand traffic, the driver's seat is usually on the left side. This design facilitates better visibility and safer overtaking maneuvers.

Road Infrastructure

Road infrastructure is also adapted to accommodate left- or right-hand traffic. This includes the design of intersections, roundabouts, and traffic signals. Road signs and markings are placed accordingly to guide drivers and ensure safety.

Traffic Regulations

Traffic regulations vary between countries with left- and right-hand traffic. These regulations cover aspects such as overtaking rules, pedestrian crossings, and traffic signal operations. International travelers must be aware of these differences to avoid accidents and legal issues.

Conversion

Some countries have switched from left- to right-hand traffic or vice versa. For example, Sweden switched from left- to right-hand traffic on September 3, 1967, a day known as Dagen H. Such conversions require extensive planning and public awareness campaigns to ensure a smooth transition.

See Also

• Road transport
• Vehicle design
• Traffic regulations
• Road infrastructure
• Dagen H