Leptosphaeria coniothyrium

Leptosphaeria coniothyrium is a species of fungus in the family Leptosphaeriaceae. It is a common pathogen of various plants, causing diseases such as stem canker and blackleg in oilseed rape and other Brassica crops.

Taxonomy

The species was first described in 1815 by the German mycologist Heinrich Friedrich Link. It belongs to the genus Leptosphaeria, which comprises over 600 species of fungi. The specific epithet coniothyrium refers to the conidia-forming structures characteristic of this species.

Description

Leptosphaeria coniothyrium is a ascomycete fungus, producing spores in sac-like structures called asci. The spores are dark brown and have a distinctive elongated shape. The fungus forms black, spherical fruiting bodies known as pycnidia, which contain the conidia.

Distribution and habitat

Leptosphaeria coniothyrium is widely distributed around the world. It is commonly found in temperate regions, particularly in areas where oilseed rape is grown. The fungus thrives in moist conditions and is often found on dead or decaying plant material.

Pathogenicity

Leptosphaeria coniothyrium is a significant pathogen of oilseed rape, causing diseases such as stem canker and blackleg. The fungus infects the plant through wounds or natural openings, and can cause significant yield losses. It can also infect other Brassica crops, as well as a range of other plant species.

Management

Management of Leptosphaeria coniothyrium involves a combination of cultural practices, chemical control, and the use of resistant varieties. Crop rotation and the removal of infected plant material can help to reduce the amount of inoculum in the soil. Fungicides can also be used to control the disease, although resistance to these chemicals is a growing concern.

See also

• List of Leptosphaeria species
• Plant pathology