Light chain disease
Light chain disease is a rare disorder of the plasma cells in the bone marrow. It is characterized by the overproduction of light chains, which are components of antibodies. This overproduction can lead to a variety of health problems, including kidney disease and heart disease.
Overview[edit | edit source]
Light chain disease is a type of monoclonal gammopathy. Monoclonal gammopathies are conditions in which an abnormal amount of a certain type of protein is present in the blood. In the case of light chain disease, the protein in question is the light chain component of an antibody.
Symptoms[edit | edit source]
The symptoms of light chain disease can vary widely, depending on which organs are affected by the overproduction of light chains. Common symptoms include fatigue, weight loss, and weakness. If the kidneys are affected, symptoms may also include proteinuria (excess protein in the urine) and renal failure.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Diagnosis of light chain disease typically involves a series of tests, including blood tests, urine tests, and biopsy of the bone marrow. These tests can help to identify the presence of excess light chains and to determine the extent of any organ damage.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Treatment for light chain disease typically involves chemotherapy to reduce the number of abnormal plasma cells producing light chains. In some cases, stem cell transplantation may also be considered.
Prognosis[edit | edit source]
The prognosis for light chain disease can vary widely, depending on the extent of organ involvement and the individual's overall health. With treatment, some individuals with light chain disease can achieve a significant period of remission.
See also[edit | edit source]
NIH genetic and rare disease info[edit source]
Light chain disease is a rare disease.
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
